Past simple uporabim, ko govorim o:
1. ENKRATNIH DEJANJIH
V PRETEKLOSTI.
I got married ten years ago.
They didn’t go out the other day.
She went to the theatre last night.
We arrived yesterday morning.
Did you finish school in June?
2. NAVADAH,
KI SO DEL PRETEKLOSTI.
When I was a child, I walked to school.
Did Shakespeare write every day?
She exercised a lot when she was on holiday.
He didn’t play tennis when he was a boy.
Ben was often late for school.
3. STANJIH V PRETEKLOSTI.
My cat was very hungry this morning.
He wasn’t in the office last week.
She knew the answer.
Were you at the concert last night?
They believed in fairy tales.
Za lažjo predstavo lahko past simple stavke razdelimo v 2 skupini:
I was a good student.
She wasn't hungry.
Were they friends?
Yes, they were. /
No, they weren't.
You liked cats very much.
They didn't live in Spain.
Did he bring the book?
Yes, he did. /
No, he didn't.
Zakaj takšno ločevanje?
Glagol BE (was, were) uporabljamo drugače, kot vse ostale glagole.
TABELA:
Oblike in raba
past simple časa v PDF obliki.
Past simple tense
vaje z rešitvami v PDF obliki.
V past simple času
ima glagol BE dve funkciji:
1. Glagol BE je POLNOPOMENSKI GLAGOL (ima pomen),
v past simple času ima dve obliki: was in were.
Oblika glagola BE je odvisna od tega,
kateri zaimek postavimo predenj:
I, you, he, she, it, we in they.
Pomeni glagola BE v slovenščini so:
EDNINA: sem bil, si bil / bila / bilo, je bil / bila / bilo
DVOJINA: sva bila, sta bila
MNOŽINA: smo bili, ste bili, so bili
2. Glagol BE je POMOŽNI GLAGOL,
njegov namen je, da pomaga. Kako?
Pomaga pri ZANIKANJU in POSTAVLJANJU VPRAŠANJ.
Pri zanikanju pomaga tako,
da nase veže angleško besedo za zanikanje NOT:
I was not at home. / I wasn't at home.
She was not a driver. / She wasn't a driver.
You were not a vet. / You weren't a vet.
Pri postavljanju vprašanj glagol BE pomaga tako,
da ga postavimo na začetek vprašanja (DA / NE vprašanja)
ali takoj za vprašalnico (who, where, when, why...)
pri informativnih vprašanjih.
DA / NE VPRAŠANJA IN ODGOVORI:
Was I at home? Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.
Were they nice? Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.
Was it cold? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn't.
INFORMATIVNA VPRAŠANJA:
Where were you?
When was the English class?
How was she?
PAST SIMPLE TRDILNA OBLIKA
PRAVILA ČRKOVANJA PRI PRAVILNIH GLAGOLIH
Oblika glagola v past simple trdilni obliki
(ko ne zanikamo ali sprašujemo)
je odvisna od tega,
ali gre za pravilni oziroma nepravilni glagol.
PAST SIMPLE PRAVILNI GLAGOLI:
1. Večini pravilnih glagolov (work, cook, ask)
v past simple trdilnem načinu
dodamo končnico -ed:
I worked in Germany 5 years ago.
We cooked a delicious dinner.
She asked me a good question.
2. Če se pravilni glagol v osnovni obliki
konča na -e (live, dance, arrive),
v past simple trdilni obliki dodamo samo -d.
Helen lived in New York.
They danced the tango.
You arrived late last night.
3. Če se pravilni glagol v osnovni obliki
konča na soglasnik + -y (cry, study, marry),
v past simple trdilni obliki
-y spremenimo v -i in dodamo -ed.
The baby cried all night.
Alice studied mathematics.
Jack married Barbara.
4. Če se pravilni glagol v osnovni obliki
konča na samoglasnik + -y (play, stay, enjoy),
v past simple trdilni obliki
dodamo končnico -ed:
I played tennis yesterday.
Jo and Ann stayed at a hotel.
We enjoyed our dinner.
5. Če se pravilni glagol v osnovni obliki
konča na soglasnik + samoglasnik + soglasnik
(stop, knit, grab),
v past simple trdilni obliki
podvojimo zadnji soglasnik in dodamo -ed.
They stopped the car.
My mother knitted a cardigan.
The dog grabbed my arm.
PAST SIMPLE TRDILNA OBLIKA
PRAVILA ČRKOVANJA PRI NEPRAVILNIH GLAGOLIH
V angleščini so NEPRAVILNI GLAGOLI tisti glagoli,
ki v past tense trdilni obliki NE dobijo končnice -ed.
Njihove oblike ni mogoče napovedati vnaprej,
naučimo se jih na pamet.
Primeri:
I bought a new car last week.
She went home after school.
He ate the whole pizza.
The coat cost a lot of money.
We knew the answer.
PAST SIMPLE NIKALNA OBLIKA
RABA POMOŽNEGA GLAGOLA -DID (DO)
Pomožni glagol -DID
je past simple oblika
pomožnega glagola -DO.
Potrebujemo ga, da lahko:
1. Zanikamo glagole in postavljamo vprašanja.
2. Vemo, da se nahajamo v past simple času.
Past simple glagol zanikamo tako,
da na začetku stavka med osebni zaimek
(I, you, he, she, it, we in they)
in glagol postavimo
pomožni glagol -DID in nikalnico NOT.
Pri zanikanju ima glagol osnovno obliko
oziroma izgubi končnico -ed.
I did not see. I didn’t see.
You did not like it. You didn’t like it.
She did not come. She didn’t come.
PAST SIMPLE VPRAŠALNA OBLIKA
RABA POMOŽNEGA GLAGOLA -DID (DO)
Vprašanja postavljamo tako,
da pomožni glagol -DID
postavimo na začetek vprašanja (DA / NE vprašanje),
ali takoj za vprašalnico (when, where, who...)
pri informativnih vprašanjih.
Ne pozabimo,
glavni glagol v vprašanju zapišemo v osnovni obliki.
DA / NE VPRAŠANJA IN ODGOVORI:
Did I miss the flight?
Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
Did they arrive?
Yes, they did. / No, they didn't.
Did Jack fall?
Yes, he did. / No, he didn't.
INFORMATIVNA VPRAŠANJA:
Where did you go?
When did she come home?
How did they do this?
TABELA:
Oblike in raba
past simple časa v PDF obliki.
SEZNAM NEPRAVILNIH GLAGOLOV:
Past simple tense
vaje z rešitvami v PDF obliki.